Les Derniers Valois The Last Valois
Kings of France
 
King Henri III

King Henri III of France as a Young Man


Many of these portraits are incorrectly labeled as being of Henri's younger brother, Francois, Duc d’Alençon. Francois was considered to be ugly due to very serious scarring from smallpox, while Henri was the best looking and most eligible bachelor in Europe according to the English and their vain Queen Elizabeth . 

  • I personally doubt that the first portrait is of Henri. The sitter had blue or grey eyes, and is more likely older brother Charles than Henri whose eyes are invariably black as coal.  Compare the portrait of Charles as a boy with a dog - where he is clearly shown with light-colored grey-blue eyes.  Also, the garb in the portrait is quite close to that used by Charles in his early portraits.  The boys, were close in age, and may have dressed alike, especially in the reign of Francois II, when Charles was not yet king. 

Click on the beveled images to enlarge

  • This oil looks more like Henri despite the label that states it is his brother.  Alençon's portraits are often confused with Henri's

    RMN  
     
  • The last three portraits were sent by his mother Catherine de Medici to Queen Elizabeth of England during the 1571 negotiations for Henri, then Duc d'Anjou, to marry the Queen.  The marriage never took place due to the difference in religion.

    His armor , source RMN

  • Note the ruff collar in 1571 - worn even with a half suit of armor.  These portraits were intended to show Henri at his best to the vain Elizabeth.  So, one can conclude that ruff collars were a desirable fashion in 1571.  They would get much bigger in later years cf King Henri III in Court Dress
  • Per Catherine's letter of July 3 1571 to the French ambassador at the English court: Jean Clouet (the painter) did not have the time, as you can see, to draw the face very well, and perfectly according to nature
  • Queen Elizabeth was warned ahead of time that Henri had the bad fortune that "paintings do not do justice"
  • The French ambassador in England worried that she would be disappointed by the pencil full-length drawing: the head of the sitter was also not perfect.  But Elizabeth thought he was a "man of great beauty".
  • Clouet sketches and notes Source
 
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